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Int Neurourol J > Volume 30(1); 2026 > Article
Lee, Cho, Kang, Ko, Foo, Stoelzel, Hadi, and Kim: Reply to Beyond Anticholinergic Burden: An Integral Theory Perspective on Overactive Bladder – A Commentary on “A Retrospective Database Analysis of Anticholinergic Burden Among Older Patients With and Without Overactive Bladder in South Korea”
To the editor,
We would like to thank the authors for their letter in response to our publication, “A Retrospective Database Analysis of Anticholinergic Burden Among Older Patients With and Without Overactive Bladder in South Korea” [1]. We are pleased that our work was read with interest and approval, and that it has prompted further discussion.
Our study (NCT03903094) of women and men ≥65 years of age in South Korea focused on concerns regarding anticholinergic burden from antimuscarinic overactive bladder medications [1]. Anticholinergic burden is associated with unwanted clinical effects including cognitive impairment and increased risk of dementia [2, 3]. Our study found that the β3-adrenoreceptor antagonist, mirabegron, did not contribute to this burden [1].
The additional clinical perspective of the integral theory of female incontinence [4, 5] is a valuable contribution to the discussions surrounding the management of overactive bladder and minimizing anticholinergic burden for older women with comorbidities and polypharmacy concerns. As the authors propose, it is important that clinicians do not overlook the importance of anatomical evaluation to fully assess the implications of mechanical dysfunction in overactive bladder. However, this falls outside the scope of our study objectives and we therefore do not have plans to integrate this view into our publication.
We hope that people living with overactive bladder symptoms will benefit from clinicians’ considerations to minimize anticholinergic burden through comprehensive management of mechanical dysfunction and appropriate use of pharmacotherapies with minimal anticholinergic properties.

NOTES

Conflict of Interest
Kyu-Sung Lee, Juhee Cho, Danbee Kang, and Kwang Jin Ko report no conflicts of interest. Chee Yoong Foo was an employee of IQVIA at the time of study conduct. IQVIA has regular business relationships with Astellas Pharma. Matthias Stoelzel and Farid Abdul Hadi are employees of Astellas Pharma. Soyoung Kim was an employee of Astellas Pharma at the time of study conduct.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
This letter was funded by Astellas Pharma Inc. As employees of Astellas Pharma, Matthias Stoelzel, Farid Abdul Hadi, and Soyoung Kim provided substantial contributions to the conception or design of the study or the acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data for the study; drafted the manuscript or reviewed it critically for important intellectual content; and provided final approval of the version to be submitted. Medical writing support was provided by Kirstie Anderson of Envision Pharma Ltd. (Wilmslow, UK) and funded by the study sponsor.

REFERENCES

1. Lee KS, Cho J, Kang D, Ko KJ, Foo CY, Stoelzel M, et al. A retrospective database analysis of anticholinergic burden among older patients with and without overactive bladder in South Korea. Int Neurourol J 2025;29:188-96. PMID: 41077792
crossref pmid pmc pdf
2. Nishtala PS, Chyou TY. Risk of delirium associated with antimuscarinics in older adults: a case-time-control study. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 2022;31:883-91. PMID: 35587029
crossref pmid pmc pdf
3. Matta R, Gomes T, Juurlink D, Jarvi K, Herschorn S, Nam RK. Receipt of overactive bladder drugs and incident dementia: a population-based case-control study. Eur Urol Focus 2022;8:1433-40. PMID: 34742663
crossref pmid
4. Petros PE, Ulmsten UI. An integral theory of female urinary incontinence. Experimental and clinical considerations. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand Suppl 1990;153:7-31. PMID: 2093278
pmid
5. Petros P, Quaghebeur J, Wyndaele JJ. Defining urge as an uncontrolled micturition explains pathogenesis, informs cure and helps solve the burgeoning OAB crisis. Neurourol Urodyn 2022;41:1281-92. PMID: 35708305
crossref pmid pmc pdf
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