| Differentially Expressed mRNA in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Bladder Using RNA Sequencing Analysis |
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Jae Heon Kim1 
, Hee Jo Yang2
, Hong J. Lee3
, Yun Seob Song1
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1Department of Urology, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Soonchunhyang University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
2Department of Urology, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Soonchunhyang University School of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
3College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
4Rsearch Institute, e-biogen Inc., Seoul, Korea |
Correspondence
Hong J. Lee ,Email: leehj71@gmail.com, leehj71@chungbuk.ac.kr
Yun Seob Song ,Email: schurology1@gmail.com
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Submitted: 26 May 2023; Accepted after revision: 24 August 2023. |
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| ABSTRACT |
Purpose
To detect elements governing the pathogenesis of diabetic cystopathy (DC), mRNA sequencing was carried out for bladder tissues from normal rats and those with induced diabetes mellitus (DM). This research therefore offers possible underlying molecular pathways for the advancement of DC in relation to differential mRNA expression, together with visceral functional and architectural alterations noted in individuals with this condition.
Methods
An intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ) was utilized to provoke DM in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Dysregulation and significant variations between normal rats and those with induced DM were then identified by a fold change of ≥ 1.5 with a false discovery rate P < 0.05. Hierarchical clustering/heat map and Gene Ontology/DAVID reference sources were generated. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis and protein-protein interaction analysis were then performed.
Results
The diabetic rodent group exhibited a greater residual urine volume (4.0 ± 0.4 mL) than their control counterparts (0.7 ± 0.2 mL, P < 0.01) at 12 weeks after diagnosis of diabetes. Expression analysis revealed 16 upregulated and 4 downregulated genes in STZDM bladder samples. A notable increase in expression was seen in PTHLH, TNFAIP6, PRC1, MAPK10, LOC686120, CASQ2, ACTG2, PDLIM3, FCHSD1, DBN1, NKD2, PDLIM7, ATF4, RBPMS2, ITGB1 and HSPB8. A notable decrease in expression was seen in SREBLF1, PBGFR1, PBLD1 and CELF1. Major genetic themes associated with mRNA upregulation and downregulation ware identified via Gene Ontology analysis and KEGG pathways. Protein to protein interaction analysis detected PDLIM3, PDLIM7, ITGB1, ACTG2 as core high frequency nodes within the network.
Conclusions
Changes in mRNA expression together with biological process and pathways that contribute to the etiologies underlying visceral impairment of the bladder in DM are evident. Our strategy is promising for recognizing mRNAs exclusive to the bladder in DM that might offer useful targets for diagnosis and treatment. |
| Keywords:
Bladder; Diabetes mellitus; RNA, Messenger |
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